Basics

Blockchain

A public record where each new page is locked to the one before it.

In plain words

A blockchain is a shared record book, built one block at a time. Each block carries a fingerprint of the block before it. Change anything old and every later fingerprint breaks — everyone would notice. Bitcoin's record is public: anyone can download it, check it, and add to it by mining. Nobody controls it, and nobody can quietly rewrite it.

Why it matters

  • Lets strangers agree on one history without trusting each other.
  • Makes tampering obvious: change one block and everything after it breaks.
  • Bitcoin's has run since 2009, and every payment ever made is still checkable.

Numbers that matter

  • ~10 minutes — a new block is added, on average.
  • 2009 — every payment since then is on the chain.

Not to be confused with

  • "Blockchain technology" — corporate chains copy the shape but drop the openness that makes Bitcoin's work.
  • Bitcoin — the money. The blockchain is its record book.

Go deeper

Updated 2026-07-29